by K. Gironda
... Genetics can make this more challenging. GAD1 helps convert glutamate into the calming neurotransmitter GABA. SLC1A2 and SLC1A3 help remove glutamate from the space between neurons to prevent overstimulation. GRIN genes influence NMDA receptor activity, one of the major glutamate receptors in the brain. COMT and MAOA influence dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin metabolism, which can amplify glutamate-driven nervous system activation. MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and BHMT influence methylation, which supports neurotransmitter production and nervous system regulation. Mitochondrial genes such as SOD2, GPX, GST, NQO1, and other antioxidant pathways influence how well brain cells tolerate oxidative stress created by excessive glutamate signaling.
Diet can also increase the neurological burden. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), hydrolyzed proteins, yeast extracts, protein isolates, artificial flavor enhancers, aspartame in susceptible individuals, highly processed foods, and very large amounts of free glutamate may contribute to symptoms in sensitive people. Blood sugar instability, excessive caffeine, alcohol, poor sleep, dehydration, and chronic inflammation can further increase excitatory signaling. ...